Extended-release hydrocodone in a time-release syrup also containing chlorphenamine/ chlorpheniramine is a cough medicine called Tussionex in North America.Hydrocodone plus homatropine (Hycodan) in the form of small tablets for coughing and especially neuropathic moderate pain (the homatropine, an anticholinergic, is useful in both of those cases and is a deterrent to intentional overdose) was more widely used than Dicodid and was labelled as a cough medicine in the United States whilst Vicodin and similar drugs were the choices for analgesia.For a number of decades, the liquid hydrocodone products available have been cough medicines. The original oral form of hydrocodone alone, Dicodid, as immediate-release 5- and 10-mg tablets is available for prescription in Continental Europe per national drug control and prescription laws and Title 76 of the Schengen Treaty, but dihydrocodeine has been more widely used for the same indications since the beginning in the early 1920s, with hydrocodone being regulated the same way as morphine in the German Betäubungsmittelgesetz, the similarly named law in Switzerland and the Austrian Suchtmittelgesetz, whereas dihydrocodeine is regulated like codeine.Hydrocodone is available in a variety of formulations for oral administration: See also: Hydrocodone/paracetamol, Hydrocodone/ibuprofen, and Hydrocodone/aspirin Production using genetically engineered yeasts has been developed but is not used commercially. Hydrocodone is a semisynthetic opioid, converted from codeine or less often from thebaine. In 2018, it was the 402nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 400,000 prescriptions. It is most commonly prescribed in the United States, which consumed 99% of the worldwide supply as of 2010. Hydrocodone was patented in 1923, while the long-acting formulation was approved for medical use in the United States in 2013. Hydrocodone 10 mg is equivalent to about 10 mg of morphine by mouth. Hydrocodone is believed to work by activating opioid receptors, mainly in the brain and spinal cord. Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is generally not recommended. Rapidly decreasing the dose may result in opioid withdrawal. Serious side effects may include low blood pressure, seizures, QT prolongation, respiratory depression, and serotonin syndrome. Hydrocodone is a controlled drug, in the United States a Schedule II Controlled Substance.Ĭommon side effects include dizziness, sleepiness, nausea, and constipation. It is also available by itself in a long-acting form under the brand name Zohydro ER, among others, to treat severe pain of a prolonged duration. Typically it is dispensed as the combination acetaminophen/hydrocodone or ibuprofen/hydrocodone for pain severe enough to require an opioid and in combination with homatropine methylbromide to relieve cough. Hydrocodone, also known as dihydrocodeinone, is an opioid used to treat pain and as a cough suppressant.
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